$L^4$-norms and sign changes of Maass forms

Source abstract

Unconditionally, we prove the Iwaniec--Sarnak conjecture for $L^4$-norms of the Hecke--Maass cusp forms. From this result, we can justify that for even Maass cusp form $\phi$ with the eigenvalue $\lambda_{\phi}=\frac{1}{4}+t_{\phi}^2$, for $a>0$, a sufficiently large $h>0$ and for any $0\lt\epsilon_1 \lt \epsilon/10^7 (\epsilon>0)$, for almost all $1\le k\lt t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon}$, we are able to find $\beta_k= \{X_k+yi:a \lt y \lt a+h\}$ with $-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{k-1}{t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon}}\le X_k\le-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{k}{t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon}}$ such that the number of sign changes of $\phi$ along the segment $\beta_k$ is $\gg_{\epsilon} t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon_1}$ as $t_{\phi}\to\infty$. Also, we obtain the similar result for horizontal lines. On the other hand, we conditionally prove that for a sufficiently large segment $\beta$ on $\mathrm{Re}(z)=0$ and $\mathrm{Im}(z)>0$, the number of sign changes of $\phi$ along $\beta$ is $\gg_{\epsilon} t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon}$ and consequently, the number of inert nodal domains meeting any compact vertical segment on the imaginary axis is $\gg_{\epsilon} t_{\phi}^{1-\epsilon}$ as $t_{\phi}\to\infty$.