Prime pairs along rays of prime indices

Source abstract

Let $p_j$ be the prime with index $j$. We prove that the ratios $m/n$ for which $p_m+p_n$ is a square are dense in $\mathbb R_{>0}$. The same is true when $|p_m-p_n|$ is a square. In every nonempty open interval, almost every index can be used as a numerator and as a denominator. We also give a quantitative lower bound for the number of possible partners.