Tadpole graph in covariant closed string field theory
Guillermo Zemba, Barton Zwiebach
Source abstract
A one-loop tadpole graph in covariant closed string field theory must generate all inequivalent tori with one puncture. In order to determine the region of integration in moduli space we map the tadpole to a two-sheeted sphere and use the analyticity of the modular parameter with respect to the complex propagator parameter. It is shown that the naive closed string extension of the Witten open string vertex fails to give the correct modular region for this one-loop amplitude.
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