Critical Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos on the Circle Is Rajchman

Source abstract

We prove that the Fourier coefficients of the canonical critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos on the circle vanish almost surely at infinity. More precisely, let $M_φ^{\mathrm{crit}}$ be the canonical critical chaos associated with the centered circle field $φ$ of covariance $\mathbb{E}[φ(θ)φ(θ')] = \log\frac{1}{\lvert e^{iθ}-e^{iθ'}\rvert}$. Then, almost surely, $\widehat{M_φ^{\mathrm{crit}}}(n)\longrightarrow0$ as $\lvert n\rvert\to\infty$. This resolves the almost-sure critical Rajchman problem for the canonical circle field. Since critical chaos has Fourier dimension zero almost surely, no positive polynomial Fourier-decay rate can hold; the theorem therefore exhibits qualitative Fourier cancellation beyond the regime of positive Fourier dimension. The proof addresses two coupled difficulties: the heavy, nonuniform cell masses of critical chaos and the need to control exponentially many frequencies in each dyadic annulus. For an auxiliary periodized compact-range star-scale field, a derivative-rooted Bessel regression yields weighted small-cell summability and moving-tail control of exceptional large cells. After conditioning at a coarse scale below the Fourier scale, finite-range independence and conditional Bernstein concentration reduce uniform control of the terminal Fourier coefficients over each dyadic annulus to a spatial-variation estimate for a coarse predictable measure. A smooth positive-definite covariance correction and critical-chaos uniqueness then transfer the Rajchman property to the canonical critical chaos of the exact circle field.