ANALYSIS OF INDOOR CLIMATE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE HEATING SYSTEM OF A ROMANIAN HERITAGE CHURCH
Claudiu ROMILA, Cătălin-George POPOVICI, Florin-Emilian ȚURCANU, Sebastian-Valeriu HUDIȘTEANU, Cristian Nelu CHERECHEȘ, Ana Diana ANCAȘ, Iulian GHERASIM, Djelloul BELKACEMI, Kinga JEŻ, Mohammad AL-RAWI
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Source: Crossref
Published: Sep 15, 2026
DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2026.03.26
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Heating solutions for heritage churches must balance thermal comfort, energy use, and conservation of historic fabric. We monitored wintertime indoor environmental parameters in a Romanian heritage church and developed three-dimensional CFD models in ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 to compare three heating scenarios: the existing mixed system (static radiators plus warm-air supply), an underfloor heating system, and wall-mounted electric radiant heating. The simulations indicate that underfloor heating produced the lowest indoor air temperatures (approximately 2–11°C), while the radiant electric system produced the highest (about 14–19°C). Air velocities were most significant for underfloor heating, particularly in the occupied zone (v ≈ 0.19–0.28 m/s), whereas radiant electric heating yielded the lowest velocities (≈0.04–0.06 m/s). Considering both thermal comfort (PMV/PPD) and conservation-oriented criteria related to airflow intensity, the radiant electric system provided the most suitable compromise for the studied church. The proposed workflow supports objective selection of heating strategies for similar heritage buildings.
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