Improved average and almost-all bounds for $G(n)$

Source abstract

In this paper we study the least positive integer $G(n)$ such that the integers $a\leq G(n)$ with $(a,n)=1$ generate $(\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z)^\times$. We prove that, for every $\varepsilon>0$, $$\sum_{n\leq x}G(n)\ll_\varepsilon x(\log x)^{8/3+\varepsilon},$$ improving the previously known bound $\ll x(\log x)^{97}$. We also prove that $G(n)\leq(\log n)^2$ for almost all $n$, unconditionally. Thus, for almost all $n$, we obtain the same logarithmic exponent $2$ as in the classical pointwise bound under GRH.