MATEMATIK MASALALARNI MODEL VA SXEMALAR YORDAMIDA YECHISHGA O'RGATISH METODIKASI

Source abstract

The article presents the theoretical foundations and a methodology for teaching primary school pupils to solve mathematical word problems using models and schematic diagrams. The relevance of the topic is supported by international assessment results and by the requirement for mathematical modelling set out in the draft of the revised state educational standards of Uzbekistan. The study employed theoretical and comparative analysis, systematization and pedagogical design. It proposes a classification of models used in primary school, a five-stage system for developing modelling skills (reading, completing, choosing, independently constructing and transforming a model) and a table matching problem types with suitable models. Part–whole, additive and multiplicative comparison, change, sum-and- difference, multi-step, price–quantity–cost and motion problems are illustrated with worked solutions and diagrams. Evidence from international meta-analyses confirms the high effectiveness of schema-based instruction. The article is addressed to pre-service and in-service primary school teachers.