Determinantal Kernel Schemes of Matrix Nets and Applications to Positive Maps

Source abstract

For a linear map on a matrix space, we study the projective schemes obtained by intersecting its projectivized kernel with determinantal rank loci. For matrix nets, that is, three dimensional matrix spaces, we classify every positive dimensional intersection with the rank one Segre variety in arbitrary rectangular size. The possibilities are a ruling plane, a smooth conic, two Segre lines from opposite rulings, a reduced Segre line, or a Segre line with one reduced or embedded residual point. The smooth conic case is contained in a $2\times2$ compression. For $a,b\ge3$, the corresponding locus in $\mbox{Gr}(3,M_{a,b})$ has exactly three irreducible components, whose geometry and intersections are determined explicitly. For nets in $M_3(\mathbb C)$, every finite rank one scheme has length at most three; the adjugate identity gives an intrinsic determinantal obstruction to the length four case allowed for general systems of plane quadrics. As an application, a four parameter family arising from the merging construction admits exact positivity and decomposability criteria. After normalization, positivity is the unit square and decomposability is the quarter disk. The remaining region is atomic and carries explicit PPT entangled states of birank $(5,5)$ and Schmidt number two. The point of this application is that the exact phase boundary is realized on a smooth conic determinantal kernel stratum selected independently by the projective classification.