Advanced Neural Network‐Based Simulations of Heat Transport in MHD Flow of Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids Over a Bullet Surface With Slip Conditions
Adil Darvesh, Fethi Mohamed Maiz, Luis Jaime Collantes Santisteban, Hakim AL Garalleh, H. Elhosiny Ali
Source abstract
ABSTRACT The incorporation of nanoparticles into conventional fluids substantially enhances heat transfer performance. When coupled with the low‐drag characteristics of a bullet‐shaped surface, this combination reduces overheating and promotes an efficient thermal transport process in advanced cooling technologies. In addition, the streamlined bullet‐shaped configuration minimizes flow resistance and improves fluid motion; thereby, such features make the proposed model highly relevant for practical applications including microchannel heat sinks, compact heat exchangers, aerospace thermal systems, and energy‐related devices. This study aims to investigate the flow and heat transfer behavior of a Carreau polymer‐based ternary hybrid nanofluid over a bullet‐shaped geometry in the presence of slip conditions and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect. The polymer base fluid is enhanced with three distinct nanoparticles, such as copper (Cu), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), and silica (SiO 2 ), to significantly improve the heat transfer capabilities of the base fluid. The proposed physical model is formulated using the Carreau non‐Newtonian fluid model, which effectively captures the complex rheological characteristics and transport phenomena associated with ternary hybrid nanofluids. The generated physical model in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) is transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the help of similarity transformations. Next, the resulting system of ODEs is numerically solved with bvp4c, and the limited data set is trained through a Bayesian neural network (BNN) for further advanced predictions. The main results reveal that the velocity profile of ternary hybrid nanofluid diminishes with increasing values of the Weissenberg number, velocity slip, and magnetic parameters due to enhanced resistance within the flow system. In contrast, the stretching ratio parameter significantly accelerates the fluid motion. Furthermore, the temperature profile of ternary hybrid nanofluids decreases with augmented values of thermal radiation effects, whereas magnetic field strength and heat generation contribute to a substantial enhancement in the thermal distribution.
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