A Proof-of-Concept Evaluation of the Human-Assisted Soft Release Method Using Two Captive-Born Red Pandas (A. f. styani) During a Mock Translocation Scenario in China

Source abstract

Translocations of endangered species are a common method of conserving wildlife; however, the release of dietary specialists pose unique challenges for conservationists. In preparation for future releases of the red panda (Ailurus fulgens styani), a bamboo specialist, a proof-of concept test was performed using the ‘Human-Assisted Soft Release’ (HASR) method previously used with giant pandas. Two red pandas (one male, one female) were trained using positive reinforcement to recall to a researcher and voluntary placement of GPS collars as well as physical examinations. Afterwards, to simulate a translocation, the individuals were ‘mock-released’ into a large public access red panda enclosure. Following the ‘mock-release’, the pandas were monitored for four weeks via GPS collars mounted with accelerometers as well as the HASR method. The protocol proved operationally successful: across eight scheduled sessions, both individuals met all four predefined criteria in every session attended (8/8 and 7/7, the latter shortened by injury), permitting recall, collar changes, body examinations and weighing inside a public enclosure without anesthesia or physical restraint, and allowing an injury to be detected from collar data and treated the following morning. Alongside this operational record, activity and space use were monitored descriptively. The odds of being active in the first week rose to 1.9 and 1.6 times each individual’s own pre-release baseline (+13.7 and +8.3 percentage points; p < 0.001) before returning to baseline across the month, and the two individuals differed in the reshaping of their daily rhythm and in their use of space. With the limitation of two individuals and an overlap with the breeding season, the behavioral observations reported here are descriptive and hypothesis-generating rather than hypothesis-confirming and require replication. The operational findings nonetheless demonstrate that the HASR method is technically feasible with red pandas and provides a basis for the pre-release preparation of this endangered species.