The Influence of Hydrocarbon Additives on Laminar Burning Velocity and NOx Emissions in Hydrogen‐Air Combustion
Abdelkader Hemaizia, Rakhi Verma, Wei Guan, Fabian Mauss, Dominique Thévenin
Source abstract
ABSTRACT Hydrogen is a promising carbon‐free fuel but faces challenges due to combustion instability and nitrogen oxide () emissions during combustion. This study investigates the potential of blending hydrocarbons (methane, propane) or ammonia with hydrogen‐air flames in order to minimize these challenges. Simulations were performed using a one‐dimensional, freely‐propagating, adiabatic premixed flame (FPPF) model in Cantera, incorporating detailed kinetic and thermodynamic modeling. Updated, detailed, and reduced reaction mechanisms were utilized to accurately represent the chemical kinetics of the selected fuel blends. We analyzed laminar flame velocity (LFV), flame structure, and emissions of and CO across a range of inlet pressures, temperatures, equivalence ratios, and blend ratios of /, /, and /. The results were validated against experimental data. Propane addition (10% –60% vol.) was found to be the most effective solution to reduce emissions by promoting reburning pathways that convert NO to , while moderately reducing LFV. Methane exhibits a comparable effect in suppressing thermal while slightly reducing LFV. Ammonia drastically lowers via fuel‐bound nitrogen pathways but sharply increases CO emissions and destabilizes flames at high concentrations. By identifying key reaction pathways governing formation (thermal, prompt, , NNH, and reburning), propane is finally selected as the optimal additive for achieving low‐ hydrogen combustion, despite its trade‐off with LFV, providing critical insights for designing cleaner and more stable combustion systems.
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