Euclidean Triangles Associated with Diophantine $D(4)$-triples

Source abstract

In this paper we study Euclidean triangles associated with Diophantine $D(4)$-triples. For a $D(4)$-triple $\{a,b,c\}$, $a b-a$. For a fixed shortest side $r$, we describe all triangles associated with $D(4)$-triples in terms of the factorisations of $r^2-4$, give a divisor criterion for their number, and determine their angle type. We also prove that two similar triangles associated with $D(4)$-triples are necessarily congruent. Finally, for the family of $D(4)$-triples $\{r-2,r+2,4r\}$, we obtain a Pell-equation characterisation of the Heronian triangles associated with these $D(4)$-triples.