Uniqueness of Radial Solutions for the Fractional Laplacian
Rupert L. Frank, Enno Lenzmann, Luis Silvestre
Source abstract
Abstract We prove general uniqueness results for radial solutions of linear and nonlinear equations involving the fractional Laplacian (−Δ) s with s ∊ (0,1) for any space dimensions N ≥ 1. By extending a monotonicity formula found by Cabré and Sire , we show that the linear equation urn:x-wiley:00103640:media:cpa21591:cpa21591-math-0001 has at most one radial and bounded solution vanishing at infinity, provided that the potential V is radial and nondecreasing. In particular, this result implies that all radial eigenvalues of the corresponding fractional Schrödinger operator H = (−Δ) s + V are simple. Furthermore, by combining these findings on linear equations with topological bounds for a related problem on the upper half‐space , we show uniqueness and nondegeneracy of ground state solutions for the nonlinear equation urn:x-wiley:00103640:media:cpa21591:cpa21591-math-0003 for arbitrary space dimensions N ≥ 1 and all admissible exponents α > 0. This generalizes the nondegeneracy and uniqueness result for dimension N = 1 recently obtained by the first two authors and, in particular, the uniqueness result for solitary waves of the Benjamin‐Ono equation found by Amick and Toland .© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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