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A functional central limit theorem for the KPZ equation with narrow wedge initial data

Raluca M. Balan, Le Chen, Jinxin Wang

Source record

Source: arXiv

Published: Oct 19, 2026

arXiv: 2610.27219

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Source abstract

In this article, we consider the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation with narrow wedge initial data. We prove a functional central limit theorem for the spatial average of the solution, which solves an open problem from Gu and Pu (2025). Our main tool is Clark-Ocone formula from Malliavin calculus, combined with an in-depth analysis of the increments of the solution. The main step is a moment bound for time increments of the normalized spatial integral. For this, we introduce a new technique, called a ``common-ray'' change of variables. Using the fact that Malliavin derivative of the solution satisfies a Chapman-Kolmogorov relation, we reduce the kernel differences at two times to spatial increments at one common time.

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