Level graph of turiyam graphs: Concepts and applications
Fikadu Tesgera Tolasa, V. N. Srinivasa Rao Repalle, Gamachu Adugna Ganati, Aseel Smerat
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Source: Crossref
Published: Jan 1, 2026
DOI: 10.1142/s2811007226500215
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This study introduces and investigates the concept of the ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text])-level graph for a Turiyam graph, a novel extension of fuzzy and neutrosophic graphs that incorporates a fourth independent membership degree representing the unknown or liberal component. We defined the ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text])-level graph of a Turiyam graph as a crisp graph derived by applying specific threshold values ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) to its vertex and edge membership values. In addition, we discuss its application in social networks. This study is supported by illustrative examples.
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