Mathematical modeling of electromagnetic heating and thermal dynamics in biological tissue
Syed Kamran Naqvi, Mohsan Hassan, Syed T. R. Rizvi, Edrisa Jawo
Source abstract
Electromagnetic therapy is a noninvasive technique in the field of modern biomedicine that involves the controlled application of electromagnetic (EM) fields to target desired tissue while avoiding any undesired interaction with neighboring regions. The advancements in EM-based therapies require significant knowledge about electromagnetic waves and the specific properties of the biological media. This study addresses bioheat transfer phenomena and the corresponding damage caused by electromagnetic irradiation. A nonequilibrium thermal model with the effects of dual phase lag and porosity is used for bioheat transfer in tissues. The model is solved via a numerical scheme, and the results of the temperature distribution and thermal damage in the tissues are obtained. The results revealed that high-intensity electromagnetic fields or extended periods of time increase temperature levels and induce severe thermal damage. On the other hand, tissue porosity is inversely related to temperature variations, and high porosity is associated with low temperature levels or reduced heat absorption, resulting in low thermal damage. This study presents the application of electromagnetic exposure at multiple time intervals for the therapeutic treatment of biological tissue, proposing an approach that is limited in the available literature.
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