mathematical-physics / Quantum many-body theory; dilute Bose gases

The Bogoliubov quantum-depletion law for the dilute Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit

For hard spheres (October 5): for every bounded continuous ff and ε>0\varepsilon>0, at all sufficiently small fixed ρ\rho, every thermodynamic accumulation value of 1Nρa3∑k≠0f(k/8πρa) n(k)\frac{1}{N\sqrt{\rho a^3}}\sum_{k\ne0}f(k/\sqrt{8\pi\rho a})\,n(k) is within ε\varepsilon of ∫f dνBog\int f\,d\nu_{\mathrm{Bog}}, uniformly over ground states; taking f=1f=1 gives depletion 83πρa3+o(ρa3)\frac{8}{3\sqrt\pi}\sqrt{\rho a^3}+o(\sqrt{\rho a^3}). A companion proves the same depletion asymptotic for fixed bounded, nonnegative, radial, finite-range potentials with positive scattering length. Not covered: positive temperature, the next-order correction, or unbounded non-hard-core potentials.

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mathematical-physicsOct 5, 2026Significance 35/100Registry: unreviewed

The Bogoliubov quantum-depletion law for the dilute Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit

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For hard spheres (October 5): for every bounded continuous ff and ε>0\varepsilon>0, at all sufficiently small fixed ρ\rho, every thermodynamic accumulation value of 1Nρa3∑k≠0f(k/8πρa) n(k)\frac{1}{N\sqrt{\rho a^3}}\sum_{k\ne0}f(k/\sqrt{8\pi\rho a})\,n(k) is within ε\varepsilon of ∫f dνBog\int f\,d\nu_{\mathrm{Bog}}, uniformly over ground states; taking f=1f=1 gives depletion 83πρa3+o(ρa3)\frac{8}{3\sqrt\pi}\sqrt{\rho a^3}+o(\sqrt{\rho a^3}). A companio…

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For hard spheres (October 5): for every bounded continuous ff and ε>0\varepsilon>0, at all sufficiently small fixed ρ\rho, every thermodynamic accumulation value of 1Nρa3∑k≠0f(k/8πρa) n(k)\frac{1}{N\sqrt{\rho a^3}}\sum_{k\ne0}f(k/\sqrt{8\pi\rho a})\,n(k) is within ε\varepsilon of ∫f dνBog\int f\,d\nu_{\mathrm{Bog}}, uniformly over ground states; taking f=1f=1 gives depletion 83πρa3+o(ρa3)\frac{8}{3\sqrt\pi}\sqrt{\rho a^3}+o(\sqrt{\rho a^3}). A companion proves the same depletion asymptotic for fixed bounded, nonnegative, radial, finite-range potentials with positive scattering length. Not covered: positive temperature, the next-order correction, or unbounded non-hard-core potentials.

For hard spheres (October 5): for every bounded continuous ff and ε>0\varepsilon>0, at all sufficiently small fixed ρ\rho, every thermodynamic accumulation value of 1Nρa3∑k≠0f(k/8πρa) n(k)\frac{1}{N\sqrt{\rho a^3}}\sum_{k\ne0}f(k/\sqrt{8\pi\rho a})\,n(k) is within ε\varepsilon of ∫f dνBog\int f\,d\nu_{\mathrm{Bog}}, uniformly over ground states; taking f=1f=1 gives depletion 83πρa3+o(ρa3)\frac{8}{3\sqrt\pi}\sqrt{\rho a^3}+o(\sqrt{\rho a^3}). A companion proves the same depletion asymptotic for fixed bounded, nonnegative, radial, finite-range potentials with positive scattering length. Not covered: positive temperature, the next-order correction, or unbounded non-hard-core potentials.

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