mathematical-physics / Many-body quantum mechanics; Thomas-Fermi theory

Solovej's generalized ionization conjecture for neutral Coulomb atoms (energies and radii)

Energy (principal, Theorem 1.1): Im(Z)/m7/3→aTF>0I_m(Z)/m^{7/3}\to a_{TF}>0 whenever m→∞m\to\infty and Z/m→∞Z/m\to\infty, with aTFa_{TF} the Thomas-Fermi constant; this is stronger than and implies Solovej's iterated limits, which are stated as (1.4)-(1.5). Radius (companion, Theorem 1.1): for every choice of neutral ground states, m1/3lim sup⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\limsup_Z R_m(Z) and m1/3lim inf⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\liminf_Z R_m(Z) both tend to (81π2/2)1/3(81\pi^2/2)^{1/3}, with Z→∞Z\to\infty first. Not shown: convergence of Im(Z)I_m(Z) or Rm(Z)R_m(Z) at fixed mm, a joint limit for radii, or relativistic and molecular versions.

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mathematical-physicsSep 24, 2026Significance 32/100Registry: lean checked

Solovej's generalized ionization conjecture for neutral Coulomb atoms (energies and radii)

Prior state unknown→proved

Energy (principal, Theorem 1.1): Im(Z)/m7/3→aTF>0I_m(Z)/m^{7/3}\to a_{TF}>0 whenever m→∞m\to\infty and Z/m→∞Z/m\to\infty, with aTFa_{TF} the Thomas-Fermi constant; this is stronger than and implies Solovej's iterated limits, which are stated as (1.4)-(1.5). Radius (companion, Theorem 1.1): for every choice of neutral ground states, m1/3lim sup⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\limsup_Z R_m(Z) and m1/3lim inf⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\liminf_Z R_m(Z) both tend to (81π2/2)1/3(81\pi^2/2)^{1/3}, with…

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Energy (principal, Theorem 1.1): Im(Z)/m7/3→aTF>0I_m(Z)/m^{7/3}\to a_{TF}>0 whenever m→∞m\to\infty and Z/m→∞Z/m\to\infty, with aTFa_{TF} the Thomas-Fermi constant; this is stronger than and implies Solovej's iterated limits, which are stated as (1.4)-(1.5). Radius (companion, Theorem 1.1): for every choice of neutral ground states, m1/3lim sup⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\limsup_Z R_m(Z) and m1/3lim inf⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\liminf_Z R_m(Z) both tend to (81π2/2)1/3(81\pi^2/2)^{1/3}, with Z→∞Z\to\infty first. Not shown: convergence of Im(Z)I_m(Z) or Rm(Z)R_m(Z) at fixed mm, a joint limit for radii, or relativistic and molecular versions.

Energy (principal, Theorem 1.1): Im(Z)/m7/3→aTF>0I_m(Z)/m^{7/3}\to a_{TF}>0 whenever m→∞m\to\infty and Z/m→∞Z/m\to\infty, with aTFa_{TF} the Thomas-Fermi constant; this is stronger than and implies Solovej's iterated limits, which are stated as (1.4)-(1.5). Radius (companion, Theorem 1.1): for every choice of neutral ground states, m1/3lim sup⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\limsup_Z R_m(Z) and m1/3lim inf⁡ZRm(Z)m^{1/3}\liminf_Z R_m(Z) both tend to (81π2/2)1/3(81\pi^2/2)^{1/3}, with Z→∞Z\to\infty first. Not shown: convergence of Im(Z)I_m(Z) or Rm(Z)R_m(Z) at fixed mm, a joint limit for radii, or relativistic and molecular versions.

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