combinatorics / Arithmetic Ramsey theory

Hindman's finite sums and products conjecture

Theorem 1.1: for every finite coloring of N\mathbb N and every m≥1m\ge1 there are a1<⋯<ama_1<\dots<a_m such that every nonempty subset sum and subset product has one common color; the ada_d can be made to grow faster than any prescribed power of the earlier sums and products, so all 2(2m−1)−m2(2^m-1)-m expressions are distinct. In particular {x,y,x+y,xy}\{x,y,x+y,xy\} is monochromatic in every finite coloring of the positive integers. It gives no quantitative bounds and no density version, and the infinite version is false (Hindman 1980).

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combinatoricsSep 23, 2026Significance 50/100Registry: unreviewed

Hindman's finite sums and products conjecture

Prior state unknown→proved

Theorem 1.1: for every finite coloring of N\mathbb N and every m≥1m\ge1 there are a1<⋯<ama_1<\dots<a_m such that every nonempty subset sum and subset product has one common color; the ada_d can be made to grow faster than any prescribed power of the earlier sums and products, so all 2(2m−1)−m2(2^m-1)-m expressions are distinct. In particular {x,y,x+y,xy}\{x,y,x+y,xy\} is monochromatic in every finite coloring of the positive integers. It…

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Theorem 1.1: for every finite coloring of N\mathbb N and every m≥1m\ge1 there are a1<⋯<ama_1<\dots<a_m such that every nonempty subset sum and subset product has one common color; the ada_d can be made to grow faster than any prescribed power of the earlier sums and products, so all 2(2m−1)−m2(2^m-1)-m expressions are distinct. In particular {x,y,x+y,xy}\{x,y,x+y,xy\} is monochromatic in every finite coloring of the positive integers. It gives no quantitative bounds and no density version, and the infinite version is false (Hindman 1980).

Theorem 1.1: for every finite coloring of N\mathbb N and every m≥1m\ge1 there are a1<⋯<ama_1<\dots<a_m such that every nonempty subset sum and subset product has one common color; the ada_d can be made to grow faster than any prescribed power of the earlier sums and products, so all 2(2m−1)−m2(2^m-1)-m expressions are distinct. In particular {x,y,x+y,xy}\{x,y,x+y,xy\} is monochromatic in every finite coloring of the positive integers. It gives no quantitative bounds and no density version, and the infinite version is false (Hindman 1980).

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