geometry-topology / Symplectic topology; Hamiltonian fixed points, stable Morse theory

The stable Morse number as a lower bound for nondegenerate Hamiltonian fixed points

Principal Theorem 1.1: a simply connected closed Kahler MM (dim⁡R=1412\dim_{\mathbb R}=1412, SM=318968\mathrm{SM}=318968) and a Hamiltonian with all 318952 fixed points nondegenerate and contractible. Mechanism: a Hamiltonian involution on X×YX\times Y whose fixed components carry Smale-minimal Morse functions, with mixed 2- and 3-primary torsion making 4λ(C)<λ(M)4\lambda(C)<\lambda(M); no Floer theory. Companions: in real dimension 22 the deficit is unbounded with ratio ≤127/128\le127/128; in dimension 3332 the count attains the cyclic integral Floer bound of Bai-Xu yet is 32 below SM\mathrm{SM}. Since SM≤Morse\mathrm{SM}\le\mathrm{Morse} these also refute the Morse-number form in the simply connected setting. The homological bounds remain intact.

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geometry-topologyOct 5, 2026Significance 30/100Registry: contested

The stable Morse number as a lower bound for nondegenerate Hamiltonian fixed points

Prior state unknown→disproved

Principal Theorem 1.1: a simply connected closed Kahler MM (dim⁡R=1412\dim_{\mathbb R}=1412, SM=318968\mathrm{SM}=318968) and a Hamiltonian with all 318952 fixed points nondegenerate and contractible. Mechanism: a Hamiltonian involution on X×YX\times Y whose fixed components carry Smale-minimal Morse functions, with mixed 2- and 3-primary torsion making 4λ(C)<λ(M)4\lambda(C)<\lambda(M); no Floer theory. Companions: in real dimension 22 th…

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Principal Theorem 1.1: a simply connected closed Kahler MM (dim⁡R=1412\dim_{\mathbb R}=1412, SM=318968\mathrm{SM}=318968) and a Hamiltonian with all 318952 fixed points nondegenerate and contractible. Mechanism: a Hamiltonian involution on X×YX\times Y whose fixed components carry Smale-minimal Morse functions, with mixed 2- and 3-primary torsion making 4λ(C)<λ(M)4\lambda(C)<\lambda(M); no Floer theory. Companions: in real dimension 22 the deficit is unbounded with ratio ≤127/128\le127/128; in dimension 3332 the count attains the cyclic integral Floer bound of Bai-Xu yet is 32 below SM\mathrm{SM}. Since SM≤Morse\mathrm{SM}\le\mathrm{Morse} these also refute the Morse-number form in the simply connected setting. The homological bounds remain intact.

The release says: 'Ma [Theorem 1.5] asserted that the minimum number of fixed points over all Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms always equals Crit(M). Theorem 1.1 contradicts that assertion' (degenerate paper) and 'Ma's preprint asserts that the minimum number of fixed points of a nondegenerate Hamiltonian diffeomorphism always equals the ordinary Morse number ... Theorem 1.1 contradicts that unrestricted assertion' (Morse-number paper). The other side: R. Ma, Proofs on Arnold conjectures, arXiv 0808.0613v7 (2013), Theorem 1.5, claims these lower bounds hold in general. Ma's preprint is unpublished; no referee has ruled between them. The stable-Morse papers do not cite Ma; the conflict is by implication, since Morse(M) >= SM(M). Principal Theorem 1.1: a simply connected closed Kahler MM (dim⁡R=1412\dim_{\mathbb R}=1412, SM=318968\mathrm{SM}=318968) and a Hamiltonian with all 318952 fixed points nondegenerate and contractible. Mechanism: a Hamiltonian involution on X×YX\times Y whose fixed components carry Smale-minimal Morse functions, with mixed 2- and 3-primary torsion making 4λ(C)<λ(M)4\lambda(C)<\lambda(M); no Floer theory. Companions: in real dimension 22 the deficit is unbounded with ratio ≤127/128\le127/128; in dimension 3332 the count attains the cyclic integral Floer bound of Bai-Xu yet is 32 below SM\mathrm{SM}. Since SM≤Morse\mathrm{SM}\le\mathrm{Morse} these also refute the Morse-number form in the simply connected setting. The homological bounds remain intact.

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The stable Morse number as a lower bound for nondegenerate Hamiltonian fixed points — Mathematical Frontier Network