analysis / Harmonic analysis; directional singular integrals

Stein's conjecture on the Hilbert transform along Lipschitz vector fields

Theorem 1.1: there are absolute a∈(0,1/2)a\in(0,1/2) and CC such that every Lipschitz unit field vv on R2\mathbb R^2 with Lip(v)≤1\mathrm{Lip}(v)\le1 satisfies sup⁡0<ϵ<a∥Hv,aϵf∥2≤C∥f∥2\sup_{0<\epsilon<a}\|H^{\epsilon}_{v,a}f\|_2\le C\|f\|_2; the principal value is L2L^2 bounded and weak-(2,2). By scaling this holds at outer length a/Lip(v)a/\mathrm{Lip}(v). Fields may depend on both coordinates. It does not give LpL^p bounds for p≠2p\neq2, does not address the maximal (Zygmund) averaging operator, and does not give estimates at arbitrary outer lengths for varying fields.

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analysisSep 25, 2026Significance 50/100Registry: lean checked

Stein's conjecture on the Hilbert transform along Lipschitz vector fields

Prior state unknown→proved

Theorem 1.1: there are absolute a∈(0,1/2)a\in(0,1/2) and CC such that every Lipschitz unit field vv on R2\mathbb R^2 with Lip(v)≤1\mathrm{Lip}(v)\le1 satisfies sup⁡0<ϵ<a∥Hv,aϵf∥2≤C∥f∥2\sup_{0<\epsilon<a}\|H^{\epsilon}_{v,a}f\|_2\le C\|f\|_2; the principal value is L2L^2 bounded and weak-(2,2). By scaling this holds at outer length a/Lip(v)a/\mathrm{Lip}(v). Fields may depend on both coordinates. It does not give LpL^p bounds for p≠2p\neq2, does not addres…

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Theorem 1.1: there are absolute a∈(0,1/2)a\in(0,1/2) and CC such that every Lipschitz unit field vv on R2\mathbb R^2 with Lip(v)≤1\mathrm{Lip}(v)\le1 satisfies sup⁡0<ϵ<a∥Hv,aϵf∥2≤C∥f∥2\sup_{0<\epsilon<a}\|H^{\epsilon}_{v,a}f\|_2\le C\|f\|_2; the principal value is L2L^2 bounded and weak-(2,2). By scaling this holds at outer length a/Lip(v)a/\mathrm{Lip}(v). Fields may depend on both coordinates. It does not give LpL^p bounds for p≠2p\neq2, does not address the maximal (Zygmund) averaging operator, and does not give estimates at arbitrary outer lengths for varying fields.

Theorem 1.1: there are absolute a∈(0,1/2)a\in(0,1/2) and CC such that every Lipschitz unit field vv on R2\mathbb R^2 with Lip(v)≤1\mathrm{Lip}(v)\le1 satisfies sup⁡0<ϵ<a∥Hv,aϵf∥2≤C∥f∥2\sup_{0<\epsilon<a}\|H^{\epsilon}_{v,a}f\|_2\le C\|f\|_2; the principal value is L2L^2 bounded and weak-(2,2). By scaling this holds at outer length a/Lip(v)a/\mathrm{Lip}(v). Fields may depend on both coordinates. It does not give LpL^p bounds for p≠2p\neq2, does not address the maximal (Zygmund) averaging operator, and does not give estimates at arbitrary outer lengths for varying fields.

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Stein's conjecture on the Hilbert transform along Lipschitz vector fields — Mathematical Frontier Network